Kufotokozedwanso Moyenera: Udindo wa Ukadaulo wa Laser mu Machitidwe Amakono a ENT

Ma laser asintha kwambiri ntchito ya Otolaryngology—Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Zimene kale zinkaonedwa ngati "star-trek" tsopano ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'zipinda zochitira opaleshoni, zomwe zimapereka kulondola kosayerekezeka. Nayi njira yowunikira momwe ukadaulo wa laser ukusinthira chithandizo cha ENT.

Mfundo Yothandizira

Mphamvu yochiritsira ya lasers mu ENTimachokera pa mfundo ya selective photothermolysis ndi vaporization.

Mosiyana ndi zida zachikhalidwe zachitsulo chozizira zomwe zimadalira kudula kwamakina, ma laser amapereka kuwala kolimba pamlingo winawake. Kuwala kumeneku kukakhudzana ndi minofu, kumayamwa ndi mamolekyu amadzi kapena hemoglobin. Kuyamwa kumeneku kumapanga kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo omwe akufuna kuwagwiritsa ntchito asungunuke kapena kuuma nthawi yomweyo.

CO₂ Laser: Muyezo wabwino kwambiri wa opaleshoni ya m'khosi. Imayamwa kwambiri ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kudula kukhale kolondola komanso kutentha pang'ono.

Ma Diode Laser: Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wosinthasintha, zomwe zimathandiza kuti njira "zogwirira ntchito m'maofesi". Zimalimbana ndi hemoglobin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera pa zilonda za mitsempha yamagazi (monga ma polyps a vocal cord kapena telangiectasasia).

Ubwino wa Chithandizo

Ma laser amapereka ubwino wosiyana poyerekeza ndi opaleshoni yachikhalidwe:

Kutsekeka kwa magazi (Hemostasis) (Munda Wopanda Magazi): Laser imatseka mitsempha yamagazi ndi ma lymphatic pamene ikudula. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mutu ndi m'khosi, komwe malo ozungulira thupi amakhala olimba ndipo mawonekedwe ndi ofunika kwambiri.

Kulondola:Zimathandiza madokotala opaleshoni kuchotsa zilonda molondola kwambiri, kusungakuzungulira minofu yathanzi—chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa kuteteza mawu ndi kumeza.

Njira Yosakhudza:Nthawi zina (monga regular respiratory papillomatosis), laser ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda kukhudza minofu, zomwe zimachepetsa kuvulala kwa makina.

Kuthekera kwa Odwala Osapita Kunja:Ma laser amakono okhala ndi ulusi (KTP/Diode) amalola kuti munthu azichita opaleshoni ya mu ofesi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo, kupewa zoopsa ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu wamba.

Zizindikiro Zoyamba (Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda Aakulu)

Ukadaulo wa laser umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a ENT:

Laryngology (Mawu ndi Njira Yopumira):

Zilonda zosalimba za makutu (ma polyps, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kutupa kwa Reinke).

Khansa ya m'khosi (kansa ya T1/T2 yoyambirira).

Matenda a Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP).

Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo ziwiri (kuchotsa ma ducts a vocals/cordectomy).

Otology (Khutu):

Kuchotsa mafupa otupa (stapedotomy) pogwiritsa ntchito CO₂ kapena Erbium laser kuti apange fenestra yeniyeni mu stapes footplate popanda kuvulala kwa makina).

Kuchotsa cholesteatoma ndi zotupa za mitsempha ya m'magazi ya khutu lapakati.

Rhinology (Mphuno ndi Sinus):

Chithandizo cha matenda obadwa nawo a hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu).

Kuchepetsa turbinate chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mphuno kosatha.

Mutu ndi Khosi:

Leukoplakia ya m'kamwa ndi dysplasia.

Kulephera Kugona Movutikira (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) (Laser-Assisted Uvulopalatoplasty – LAUP).

Mapeto

Ukadaulo wa laser mu ENTsi chida chokha; ndi njira yowonjezera manja a dokotala. Mwa kuphatikiza kuwona zinthu m'njira yooneka ngati maikulosikopu ndi sayansi ya kuwala, tsopano titha kuchiza matenda kuyambira khansa yoyambirira mpaka matenda oletsa kupuma omwe amalepheretsa munthu kugona ndi chitetezo champhamvu, kulondola, komanso nthawi yochira mwachangu kuposa kale lonse.